Brake lining is a critical component of a car's braking system. It is a friction material that is attached to the brake shoe or brake pad in drum brakes and disc brakes, respectively. The primary purpose of brake lining is to create friction when the brakes are applied, which helps to slow down or stop the vehicle.

Brake linings are typically made of various friction materials, including organic compounds, semi-metallic materials, or ceramic compounds. These materials are designed to withstand high levels of heat and friction generated during braking.

Brake lining in Drum Brakes:

In drum brake systems, brake linings are attached to the inner surface of the brake drum. When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure is applied to the brake shoes, causing them to press against the inner surface of the drum. This contact between the brake lining and the drum generates friction, which slows down or stops the rotation of the wheel.

Brake lining in Disc Brakes:

In disc brake systems, brake linings are attached to metal plates called brake pads. These pads are positioned on either side of a rotor (disc). When the brake pedal is pressed, hydraulic pressure is applied to the brake caliper, which squeezes the brake pads against the rotor. This action creates friction between the brake lining on the pads and the rotor, resulting in the vehicle's deceleration or stopping.

There are different formats of brake lining used in brake systems:

A brake lining roll refers to a continuous sheet or roll of friction material that is used in drum brake systems. These rolls typically consist of a friction material bonded to a metal backing plate. The roll is cut and shaped to fit the curvature of the brake shoe, which is part of the drum brake assembly.

Brake lining rolls are manufactured in various widths and thicknesses to accommodate different brake shoe sizes and vehicle applications.

Brake lining pieces are segments or pads of friction material used in disc brake systems. These pieces are typically rectangular or oval-shaped and are attached to a metal backing plate.

The brake lining pieces are housed within the brake caliper and are pressed against the brake rotor (disc) when the brakes are applied. This contact generates friction, leading to braking action.

The choice of friction material and its format (roll or pieces) depends on the type of brake system used in the vehicle and the specific requirements of the application. Different types of friction materials include:

• Organic Brake Linings: These are made from organic compounds such as rubber, glass, and various resins. They offer smooth and quiet braking performance but may wear out faster and produce more brake dust.
• Semi-Metallic Brake Linings: Semi-metallic brake linings contain a mix of organic materials and metal fibers (usually steel or copper). They provide good overall performance, including improved heat dissipation and durability.
• Ceramic Brake Linings: Ceramic brake linings are made from a composite material that includes ceramic fibers and other non-metallic components. They are known for their excellent heat resistance, low noise, and reduced dust generation. They are often used in high-performance and luxury vehicles.
• Carbon Composite Brake Linings: Carbon composite brake linings contain carbon fibers and various other reinforcing materials. They offer excellent heat resistance and are often used in high-performance and racing applications.

The choice of friction material depends on factors such as vehicle type, driving conditions, braking requirements, and personal preferences. Manufacturers carefully select the appropriate friction material and format to ensure that a vehicle's braking system performs safely and effectively.

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